Nana Beraia

An anomalous nature and regulation problems of debris flows are considered in the monograph. Based on the expected risks analyses, constructively new regulating structures and possibilities of flow influence on the structure are proposed. By selecting of hyperconcentrated flows cohesive structural models, projected parameters are refined. Unlike the counter debris-flow existing engineering methods, constructively different new types structures are proposed; opportunities of their transformation with flows are given. Prognosis of impact force on a structure, possibilities of flow resilience interruption and barraging design parameters are presented. By selecting the construction forms, anomalous nature of flow, possibilities of full energy quenching, using of secondary material and merging to any form riverbed are considered. The monograph is intended to technical, agrarian, bioenergy faculties' students (masters, PhD) and to the specialists, who work in hydroengineering, hydrotechnical reclamation, engineering ecology and hydroecology fields as well. It can be of great help to specialists by projecting and building counter-debris flow- and environmental protection structures.

Based on the increased risk of mudflow danger in the current situation, counter-mudflow semi-conical structure has been proposed. Its purpose is to maintain a stable state of the natural infrastructure of watersheds for mudflows. The work shows the feasibility of the structure application to counter mudflow, plan, sections, the methodology for calculating the structural elements. And an example of the structure calculation, as well as, a graphic illustration for evidence are given.

Irrigation mode for agricultural crops in dry year conditions, factors of its duration are discussed, according to which the table is compiled. The table shows the calculation of the water balance for corn according to the amount of precipitation and the integral graph of the water balance deficit. The irrigation norm of corn is determined by the graphic method, which allows to estimate the moisture deficit in the soil.

Counteracting the phenomenon of debris flow is implemented in various ways.

As international practice has shown, hydrotechnical constructions occupy a special

place among structures regulating debris flow. Despite the large variety of construc-

tions, each of them has a strictly defined purpose. The specifics associated with the

hazards of debris flow in a given area are taken into account when selecting such

a construction. The work indicates the expediency of applying semi-cylindrical open-

web constructions to regulate debris flow. The methodology of selecting the design

elements is presented. A specific example of the construction calculation and graphic

illustrations are presented.

Issues of regulation of mudflows and engineering solutions to design and construction standards

directly related to the establishment of the energy characteristics of the mudflow.

To describe the relationships between tangential stresses and mudflow velocity gradients

flow, mathematically qualitative models were used to solve them, taking into account

specifics of mudflows, calculation equations for movement indices, average and maximum were obtained

speeds

The natural and climatic conditions of Georgia largely dictate the need for irrigation of agricultural crops. The article presents the results of calculations of the share of irrigation in the efficiency of agricultural production, its quantitative dependence on the climatic conditions of the region. Calculation of the efficiency of capital investments in the rehabilitation (restoration) of reclamation systems was carried out using the example of the Kaspi administrative region of the country. The implementation of capital investments, taking into account the contribution of irrigation to the efficiency of agricultural production with an internal rate of return on investments (IRR) of 60%, accumulates a net present value (NPV) in the amount of GEL 37.92 million. The implementation of design decisions will ensure adequate irrigation of agricultural crops, which in turn will create conditions for the formation of competitive market relations in the country’s agriculture.

Debris-flow is one of the most formidable manifestations of nature. A debris-flow moving along the bed of the debris-flow-carrying river on its way destroys bridges, roadways, roads, hydro-technical and other facilities, causes significant damage to agricultural land, residential buildings, social infrastructure, poses a serious danger to the life and health of the population. A possible way to solve this problem is the construction of engineering structures that ensure the protection of the population living in the area at risk of debris-flow passing, the preservation of both natural and man-made material assets. It is determined that the dependence of the Net Present Value (NPV) on the frequency of the debris-flow passage has a hyperbolic character. The value of NPV reaches its maximum with the annual passage of the debris-flow. With a decrease in the frequency of debris-flow passing, the efficiency of capital investments in a protective structure decreases sharply.

The regulation of debris flow, the issue of their energy dissipation, the selection of calculation models and the design of regulatory measures are related to the selection of the elements that determine the interaction with the flow of anti-flood buildings. In this scientific paper, innovative methods are used to determine and evaluate the criteria of debris flow behaviour at the point of origin, evaluating energetical specifications, and determining its density/bulk. In conjunction with rheology, we can determine energetic characteristics (of a debris flow) and for regulatory purposes, new regulatory constructions are being processed. Great attention should be paid to the latest debris flow regulatory elastic barrage which we received copyright and patent for. The project parameters have been calculated, for example, determining the required number of computational dependencies of the flow striking force acting on them in the plan.

It has been established, that calculating of distance between drains must happen taking into account based regime of ground water. It has been presented water balance equation in cases of location on the waterproof lay. It has been calculating the formula for calculate of distance between drains during the water intake by both side on time of located drainage on the waterproof lays.

The expected risks of mud flow impact on constructions confirm that there are both a loss

of flow stability and a change in its hydraulic regime. An excited zone and a wave against the current are

created.

For the case of a tied-up flow passage in a mudflow duct with rectangular cross section, theoretical

formulas of the calculated parameters determining the breakthrough of the flow stability are derived. In

addition, their changes, graphic illustrations in connection with the rheological characteristics are given. The

distance between the counter-mudflow barrages has been determined; Theoretical calculated dependences

under the conditions of the appearance of a wave against the flow and downstream were derived.

Georgia is a mountainous country where there are many debris flows rivers and gullys.

An important part of the loss caused by natural disasters is the debris flow. Because of this, the study of

debris flow rivers and debris flow against measures is one of the priority directions. The article offers

several types of trumpkin-type buildings against debris flow. Also several types of their elaboration and

selection for a certain situations.