Martin Vartanov

The monograph is an analysis of the results of the transition of Georgian agriculture to market relations. It explains in detail economic concepts and terms; ways of further development of agriculture are outlined; foreign experience in agricultural intensification was considered and recommendations on the organization of agricultural production were given. The methods for determining the economic efficiency of agriculture as a whole and its individual industries, the agricultural development of the region and the rules for assessing the cost of land are given.                                               Particular attention is drawn to the chapters of the monograph, which disassemble the methods for determining the cost of irrigation water.                              The need for a transition to paid water use is justified. The idea of ​ ​ creating associations for irrigation and mechanization maintenance is justified. The prices for irrigation and mechanization works are given.

Methodological recommendations are devoted to the design and operation of drainage systems on waterlogged lands of Georgia. They represent an attempt to generalize the almost century-old history of the development of the Colchis lowland. The reasons for overwetting of lands, natural conditions of the Colchis lowland, elements of drainage systems and their purpose, calculation and design methods are considered. Exploitation issues are illuminated taking into account modern conditions, farm small-contour land ownership.

Various existing mathematical models in water management systems management tasks are discussed; The mathematical task of managing the rehabilitation processes of irrigation systems of Georgia is set and the corresponding mathematical model is built. The types of non-linear programming tasks and some methods of their transformation are given.

The paper presents the analysis and evaluation of the rules of technical operation of the irrigation systems of Georgia. The modern state of operation of irrigation systems is described in detail, the water resources of Georgia, irrigated areas and their water supply, the costs of technical operation of irrigation systems are discussed, the need to switch to paid water usage is justified.

The paper presents the analysis and evaluation of the rules of technical operation of the irrigation systems of Georgia. The modern state of operation of irrigation systems is described in detail, the water resources of Georgia, irrigated areas and their water supply, the costs of technical operation of irrigation systems are discussed, the need to switch to paid water usage is justified.

"The paper describes the current state of operation of irrigation systems, discusses Georgia's water resources, irrigated areas and their water supply, the costs of technical operation of irrigation systems, the need to switch to paid water use is justified.

The manual explains the concept of water management, describes the water legislation of Georgia. Main and revolving funds of water management organizations, indicators of their use are widely covered. Contemporary methods of calculating depreciation of main funds, methods of economic

Issues of the economic value of water resources, their formation, nature and circulation in the production sphere are discussed; The existing problems of environmental protection, issues of water and related resources management are described.The main part of the book is dedicated to the research of investment project evaluation criteria; The existing requirements are considered in making management decisions and evaluating investment projects, taking into account the time value of money; Modern methods of evaluating the effectiveness of investment projects are described; An example of the calculation of the economic effectiveness of investments in the rehabilitation of the infrastructure systems of Georgia is given.

The questions of world practice of fixing price are considered on water. The concepts of economic value of water resources are certain. The methods of fixing price are described on waters. For the different types of water consumption there are numerous of cost estimation: marginal cost, average cost and total economic worth. 

Implementation of the investment in the rehabilitation of irrigation systems in Kaspi District of Georgia, as well as in the construction of the Tedzami reservoir, allows for 20 years of operation of this complex reclamation facilities to accumulate at internal rate of return of investment (IRR)of 12%, the net present value (NPV) in the amount of 37.92 million GEL. Due to the fact that according to the calculation of performance indicators laid achievement of design yield of irrigated land almost in the third year of operation of reclamation complex, storage of 5-10% of agricultural production makes investments not effective in the construction of the object.         

The risks of failure to achieve design efficiency greatly smoothed the effect of social    investment. Implementation of design solutions allows the full irrigation of crops, hundreds of farmers receive guaranteed sustainable yields, to participate actively in the development of competitive market relations.

The article deals with the issue of the depreciation of productive funds of reclamation maintenance organizations of Georgia. With the transition to a market economy it has become an objective necessity to implement the Independent investment policy according to water management organizations. The organizations injected the accumulated depreciation fund and finally got the opportunity to plan and implement independently the changes the worn-out parts into the new, more effective machinery and equipment. In that connection, the issue about choosing the calculation method is getting more important.                                          From our point of view, the most interesting is method for annuities, when the amortization funds are accumulated in the special reserve to be used later on buying some new machinery, mechanisms, equipment and new buildings instead of old ones. Moreover, this amount will accrue interest on reserve.

This article discusses issues related to improving the efficiency of water use in irrigated agriculture of Georgia. Established the ineffectiveness of the current system of payment for crop irrigation. An analysis of the existing systems in the world pricing of irrigation water. Particular attention is paid to the operation of irrigation systems in modern condition. The necessity of the functioning of farmers’ associations.

"In the article is considered tariffication issues of irrigation water, there is presented short description of the tariffication systems exiting in the World, among them tariffication based on the social-economical criteria, tariffication according to productivity and average cost of water.

 There is considered possibility of binary tariffication using, there are its values.

The questions of world practice of fixing price are considered on water. The concepts of economic value of water resources are certain. The methods of fixing price are described on waters. For the different types of water consumption there are numerous of cost estimation: marginal cost, average cost and total economic worth.

The article provides a classification of the cost of irrigation water. The estimated cost of working time for the production of maintenance work. The calculation of the cost of current and restoration repairs of ameliorative infrastructure has been submitted. The method of calculating the rates for water supply is given

The main indicators of water resources of Georgia are discussed. A tendency to decrease the amount of water used for irrigation was revealed, which in turn leads to a decrease in agricultural production. In order to get out of the existing situation, it is proposed to form a perfect market for water resources by introducing full-scale tariffs for the supply of irrigation water

A new construction sawmill with a new, more profitable and environmentally friendly technology for cutting water marks

The task of operational water distribution is discussed. The method of optimal organization of information processing has been developed.

Drip irrigation of tea and citrus plantations with a new construction drip machine. The technical and economic indicators of the car, the economic efficiency report of the work are given.

Measures that contribute to the sustainable management of water resources of the Mtkvari River are discussed. Information on global warming, cost classification of irrigation water supply is provided. Several opinions on the development of water resources management principles in the conditions of transboundary countries are presented.

By introducing a binary tariff in the reclamation practice, which is a modification of the tariff based on the cost of water supply. In this case, the total tariff consists of two parts - area, hectare tax and supplied water tax.

·        The article deals with the fundamental and designed advantages and differences of  long spraying sprinkler of tea. For the movement of the equipment through tea shrubs large opening is envisaged in its design. The results of the studies have revealed the high investment attraction of the project.

The further development of the Georgian economy dictates the need to expand the areas of reclaimed land. The main arrays of irrigated lands are located in the basin of the transboundary Kura River. To develop a concept for the redistribution of transboundary waters between neighboring states, it is necessary to create a bank of the latest data on all components of the use of water resources. At the next stage, it is necessary to develop a document regulating the use of water resources.

Water resources management is becoming one of the most urgent problems in the system of optimal economic activity planning. One of the most effective tools for optimizing water resources management is mathematical modeling based on the system analysis methodology.

The natural and climatic conditions of Georgia largely

dictate the need for irrigation of agricultural crops. The results of

calculating the share of the contribution of irrigation to the efficiency of

agricultural production, its quantitative dependence on the climatic

conditions of the region are given. On the example of a separate administrative

region of Georgia, the calculation of the efficiency of agriculture was

carried out, taking into account the share of the contribution of irrigation.

The main provisions of the geological and environmental conditions for the construction of a deep-water port in the area of ​​the mouth of the Chorokhi River are considered. Some economic aspects and a methodology for calculating the effectiveness of such construction, its importance in the development of the country's transport infrastructure are given.

The volume of flooded reservoirs with high-rise hydraulic structures, including high-rise earthen dams, often ranges from several hundred million to tens of billions of cubic meters of water. The article presents a methodology for calculating the socio-economic damage to objects flooded and destroyed by a tsunami-type wave

At present, water resources management methods are  known that allow reducing their deficit and,

to a certain extent, solving the problem of ecological stabilization of the

region. An effective way to solve water issues can be the method of

integrated water resources management, the use of which in the water bodies of the South Caucasus will reduce the shortage of water resources and ultimately avoid a water crisis

Debris-flow is one of most formidable manifestations of nature. A debris-flow moving along the bed of the debris-flow-carrying river on its way destroys bridges, roadways, roads, hydro-technical and other facilities, causes significant damage to agricultural land, residential buildings, social infrastructure, poses a serious danger to the life and health of the population.

 A possible way to solve this problem is the construction of engineering structures that ensure the protection of the population living in the area at risk of debris-flow passing, the preservation of both natural and man-made material assets. It is determined that the dependence of the Net Present Value (NPV) on the frequency of the debris-flow passage has a hyperbolic character. The value of NPV reaches its maximum with the annual passage of the debris-flow. With a decrease in the frequency of debris-flow passing, the efficiency of capital investments in a protective structure decreases sharply.  

The environmental project in Erekle II Street in the city of Sighnaghi envisages developing the storm-water and anti-landslide measures. For this purpose, the landslide section in Erekle II Street city of Sighnaghi was subject to the topographic survey. With the purpose of the engineering-geological evaluation of the object, 3 boreholes with the total length of 20 m were made. Ground and water samples were taken from the boreholes and were subject to the laboratory analysis. In addition, the hydrogeological and hydrological evaluation and hydraulic calculations of the area were done.

 In order to ensure the stability of the landslide slope in Erekle II Street in city of Sighnaghi, a drainage system to discharge the ground waters was designed, and a ditch by considering the calculations of the relevant hydrological and hydraulic properties was also designed.  

.With the transition to a market economy it has become an objective necessity to implement the Independent investment policy according to water management organizations. The organizations injected the accumulated depreciation fund and finally got the opportunity to plan and implement independently the changes the worn-out parts into the new, more effective machinery and equipment. In that connection, the issue about choosing the calculation method is getting more important. From our point of view, the most interesting is method for annuities, when the amortization funds are accumulated in the special reserve to be used later on buying some new machinery, mechanisms, equipment and new buildings instead of old ones. Moreover, this amount will accrue interest on reserve.

The article gives determination of the social-economic system, shows the essence of the methodology for systemic investigation of social- economic processes, reviews the integral parts (subsystems) and basic industry practices of social- economic systems of agricultural organizations. There are given goals and tasks of social-economic systems with agricultural direction in market conditions, outlined the ways of their realization. The article gives determination of the social-economic system, shows the essence of the methodology for systemic investigation of social- economic processes, reviews the integral parts (subsystems) and basic industry practices of social- economic systems of agricultural organizations. There are given goals and tasks of social-economic systems with agricultural direction in market conditions, outlined the ways of their realization. 

The article provides a classification of the cost of irrigation water. The estimated cost of working time for the production of maintenance work. The calculation of the cost of current and restoration repairs of ameliorative infrastructure has been submitted. The method of calculating the rates for water supply is given. 

The influence of factors of intensification of agricultural production on irrigated lands is considered. In order to establish the quantitative characteristics of the influence of each of the studied factors (capital equipment, chemicalization and reclamation), their numerical values were calculated and, accordingly, the production function was constructed.

On the economic efficiency of the construction and operation of flood control structures

The article defines the quantitative assessment of agricultural efficiency