Gulchjina Kuchava

The expedition works were conducted on urban soils on the territory and adjacent to the Madneuli enterprise of Kvemo Kartli region. Taken from the soil samples 0-10 cm depth. In them determined heavy metals - Cu, Zn, Pb, Mn, Cd, Co and Ni by plasma-emission spectrometer-ICP-OES. The quality of some heavy metal contamination of soil is revealed in connection with Clark; The quality of pollution of urban soils is studied: the risk of pollution, the contamination concentration coefficient, the total characteristic of pollution and the contamination index. Bolnisi municipality urban soils are contaminated with heavy metals cadmium etc in Kazreti. These pollution in accordance with ecological-hygienic categories meets with heavy metals total pollution ZCC<16 "allowable", ZC=16-32 "moderately dangerous" categories.

The rivers Poladauri, Kazretula, Mashavera and Khrami were selected as the study subjects, since they are the main water arteries of Eastern Georgia, particularly Kvemo Kartli, and are under a certain anthropogenic impact. The paper summarizes the results of several years (2015-2020) environmental assessments of these rivers. Hydrochemical parameters (forms of biogenic elements, heavy metals, basic ions) and physicalchemical parameters (pH, electrical conductivity, salinity, °t, dissolved oxygen-DO) were determined in the analytical samples. Based on the obtained results, the ecological condition of the rivers was assessed. Using the proposed equation and integral chemical parameters (taking into account the Water Framework Directive -2000/60/EC), the pollution rate of the rivers and the water quality classification of each river were determined. All types of hydrochemical and physical-chemical analysis were performed using modern methods that meet and comply with European standards. It should be noted that of the rivers studied, the Khrami River is a transboundary river, which significantly increases the urgency of the work.

Racha-Lechkhumi and Kvemo Svaneti region (Ambrolauri Municipality) revealed the level of pollution of the soils in the municipality as a result of the hazardous industrial wastes containing Racha mining chemical factory. As a result of the investigations, we can say that it is necessary to maintain strict control over anthropogenic load to maintain the clean conditions of natural waters, soils and food products and to improve their contaminated status. The following conclusions can be expressed on the basis of the results obtained in the above mentioned region:                             

 1. The maximum content of the arsenic (mobile form) in 2019 , on the right side of the enterprise, the concentration of arsenic concentration is comparable to the left side of the enterprise and the treasury; Compared to low concentrations are marked with the Uravi-2 surrounding new Sarcophagus; High numbers will be concentrated in arsenic concentration of Uravi -3 and Uravi -4 Sarkophagus on the upper side of the Sarkophagus and surrounding areas;                                                                                                  

 2. Pollution of background seats are identified with arsenic. Specifically, near Uravi -2, new Sarkophagus Also in the village Nikortsminda territory;                                                                     

 3. The content of arsenic is relatively low compared to Liketi, Nikortsminda compered to Uravi;                                                     

 4. After detection those facts, the relevant measures were taken to prevent pollution in the municipality.

The study focus primarily on the technical feasibility and cost-effectiveness of new technologies aimed at minimizing the fuel emissions. The research aim is a minimization of polluting gases emitted from motor cars using cheap Georgian zeolite and respectively, introduction of the method offered by us by the state or some interested private company. At the first stage, under conditions of zeolite use, CO, NO, NO2 and SO2 adsorption degree will be determined for vehicles working at gasoline and diesel (low speed) and respectively, emitted gases will be passed through different quantity of sorbents (50, 100, 200, 400g) for one and the same time unit (in order to identify the optimum quantity of sorbent). Afterwards, the similar experiments will be conducted under condition of higher vehicular load, as well. The second stage includes a similar experiment, which will be conducted at some selected vehicle speed and fixed quantity of sorbent, but in case of different time durations (2, 4, 8 hours), in order to determine optimum research time.

2019-2020 was studied with hydrochemical and microbiological characteristic of the natural waters surrounding the Madneuli enterprise, taking into account the issues of biodiversity control and maintenance. Increased heavy metals - Cd, Fe, Zn and Cu content in natural waters with more permissible concentration; The rest of heavy metals are with in the scope of the norm; Iron high mediums are identified in drinking and artesian waters. In 2020 enterprise made lots of works among them the river Kazretula was capsuled where the river water is clean and the fact that the dirtiest river, where the wastewater falls from the enterprise, which was microbiologically, the dead river is now relatively clean and Biodiversity begins to restore

The paper discusses the degradation of land resources in Georgia and its causes. In 2019, the level of arsenic contamination of soils as a result of exposure to hazardous industrial waste containing arsenic from the Racha Mining Chemical Plant was studied in Ambrolauri Municipality. In particular, a study of arsenic contamination of the soils of Uravi, Abar, Utseri, Likheti and Sori valleys was conducted.

It was revealed that:

. According to the results of the research, the most polluted arsenic soils are mixed soils.

. Less arsenic pollution in the village of Utsera, Sori gorge and the village of Likheti (average level of pollution).

. The village is relatively clean. Abar where small contamination with arsenic was observed.

. It should be noted that in all cases the arsenic content is higher in the upper soil (0-5 cm depth) than in the lower layer (5-20 cm depth).

The Madneuli enterprise is operating in Bolnisi Municipality and may be a big risk factor for the region's ecosystems. The chemical pollutants can be a particular danger to environment and human health - an increased content of heavy metals in environmental objects. Expeditionary work was carried out in February 2020 to carry out the assigned tasks. Samples of natural water near the Madneuli plant were taken. Their physical-chemical, hydrochemical and microbiological indicators were determined. The results obtained are presented in the form of conclusions. Polluted rivers and artesian waters contaminated with various ingredients have been identified.

The ore plant operating in Bolnisi Municipality of Kvemo Kartli Region of the Republic of Georgia is a rather big risk factor for the ecosystems of the region, as there is an increase in the content of heavy metals in environmental objects. Expeditionary works are carried out once a quarter in 2019-2020 to carry out the assigned tasks. Natural water samples and soil samples were taken in the vicinity of the ore plant. Their physicochemical (pH, electrical conductivity, dissolved oxygen, temperature and salinity) were determined in water samples; The content of heavy metals - Fe, Pb, Cu, Cd, Co, Zn, As, Cr, Ni, Ag - was determined in the laboratory; Hydrochemical (biogenic substances - NO2-, NO3-, NH4 +, PO43-, mean ions, mineralization, BOD5,) and microbiological (total coliforms, E-coli and fecal streptococci) indicators. Rivers and artesian waters polluted with various ingredients have been identified. 

In 2019-2020, physico-chemical, hydrochemical and microbiological characterization of natural waters in the vicinity of the ore plant was studied, taking into account the issues of biodiversity control and conservation. There was an increase in the content of heavy metals - Cd, Fe, Zn and Cu in excess of the maximum allowable concentration in natural waters; The rest of the heavy metals are within the norm; High iron content in drinking and artesian waters has been identified; Special load falls on the river Kazretula.

In this report the impact of covid-19 pre- and post-pandemic periods on the ecological state of the world and Georgia is discussed. The level of real spread of the virus in Georgia; has been studied Concentrations of nitrogen dioxide and PM particles in the atmospheric air in Tbilisi and its surrounding area. The trend of changing the concentrations of PM2.5 and PM10 in the rhythm of the usual life of the city and force majeure situations is discussed.

The concentrations of heavy metals (copper, lead and silver) in the surface waters and soils of eastern Georgia were studied taking into account anthropogenic impact for the period 2017-2019. It is shown, that the priority soil contaminant in eastern Georgia is copper, followed by lead, and silver concentrations are not significant. As for the content of heavy metals in the waters of water bodies, it is within the normal range and does not cause pollution.

There are currently 56 official non-hazardous waste landfills in Georgia, of which only 36 are operational. The data should indicate that there is no official landfill for construction waste or an existing landfill for hazardous waste. There are many uncontrolled landfills in Georgia. Pollution conditions have been studied based on modern methodology and techniques (ISO methods).

The obtained results allow the conclusion:

 • Pollution is different for western and eastern Georgia. Analysis of water and soil samples showed that the landfill areas and water bodies in western Georgia are relatively less polluted than similar areas in eastern Georgia;

• In the analyzed samples, the concentrations of various contaminants identified from soil and water samples (heavy metals - Pb, Cu, Zn, Cd and biogenic elements - total coli forms, fecal streptococci and E. coli) exceeded the maximum allowable concentrations.

The Madneuli factory operating in the Bolnisi municipality is a risk factor for the ecosystems of the region. Environmental chemical contamination is a particular threat to human health - increase of heavy metal content in environmental objects. The first expedition was carried out in February 2019, sampling on the river and artesian waters near Madneuli enterprise and their physical-chemical, hydrochemical and microbiological characteristics were identified. The results are presented in conclusions. The rivers and artesian waters contaminated by various ingredients have been identified. Soil samples were also taken from background and contaminated areas from 0-10 and 10-20 cm depth. The results are presented in conclusions. The rivers and artesian waters contaminated by various ingredients have been identified, as well as soil polluted by heavy metals – copper, zinc, cadmium, chromium and arsenic

The Madneuli factory operating in the Bolnisi municipality is a risk factor for the ecosystems of the region. Environmental chemical contamination is a particular threat to human health - an increase heavy metal content in environmental objects. The first expedition was carried out in February 2019, sampling on the river and artezial waters near Madneuli enterprise and their physico-chemical, hydrochemical and microbiological characteristics were identified. The results are presented as conclusions. The rivers and artezial waters contaminated by various ingredients have been identified.

There are currently 56 official landfills for non-hazardous waste, of which only 36 are operational. However, it should be noted that there is no official landfill for construction waste or an existing landfill for hazardous waste. There are many uncontrolled landfills in Georgia. They are located in populated areas, valleys and rivers. You can often find hazardous waste at landfills, as Georgian law does not regulate the management of hazardous waste. Thus, uncontrolled landfills pose a huge threat to the population of the region. In the regions and especially in the villages, local governments are unable to provide a high level of cleaning services, which is caused by the years and amount of waste accumulated in different areas. Often uncontrolled landfills are located near populated areas. Moreover, hazardous waste can also be dumped in uncontrolled landfills, which may cause health problems for the population of the regions.

The paper discusses the integrated study of Alazani Valley soils (village Old Anaga) to determine the degree of their fertility and salinity, as well as the study of chemical and microbiological contamination of artificial reservoirs on these soils, anthropogenic adverse effects of their surrounding areas; Recommendations have been developed, which will help to produce environmentally friendly products, as well as to avoid other negative actions.

The impact of saline soils and groundwater on artificial reservoirs is discussed, which has a significant impact on their chemical composition. The high content of some ingredients at the appropriate maximum allowable concentrations has been identified. Concentrations of heavy metals (Cu, Pb, Ag) were within the normal range.

In the article is presented pollution study on the River Kura and its surrounding area at background and anthropogenic points - dynamics of the last year. The study covers the Kura river basin with its tributaries from the Turkish border up to the Azerbaijan border in the article is presented the assessment of the pollution distribution from the upstream to downstream taking into account transboundary issues. River Kura environmental assessment on the territory of Georgia was based on physical-chemical and chemical parameters, which are characteristic for the basin. physicalchemical (water temperature, pH, BOD5, biogenic elements, main anions and cations, total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH), heavy metals and other parameters were measured depending the EU Water Framework Directive. The sampling of the water, conservation, labelling, storage and transportation were produced in the accordance with the International Standard Organization (ISO) methodology. The study was conducted in the accredited laboratory by the ISO 17025 standard. Analyzes were carried out by the atmospheric air, water and soil analyses laboratory of the National Environmental Agency of the Ministry of environment and natural resources protection of Georgia in the following technical and instrumental support: plasma –emission spectrometer (ICP-OES) on the ISO 11885: 2007; Ion chromatography ICP_OES; spectrometers; GC_MS; IC; conductivity meter; pH meter; turbidity meter; DO meter.

The work deals with the content of some heavy metals (Cu, Pb, Ag) in the soils and surface waters of the Kakheti region of Georgia. In some cases high concentrations of copper and lead are found in soil samples. The copper content exceeds both the Klarks (Vinogradov) and the average content. Copper content in Gurjaani soils is less compared to old Anaga soils. The lead content in the top 0-10 cm layer exceeds its mean value in the soil. Silver content is within the norms as well as in the artificial reservoirs.

The paper discusses the results of the May 2016 survey of artificial reservoirs located in the villages of Dzveli Anagi and Akhashni in the Kakheti region; Recommendations have been developed to be given to their owner farmers to take measures to ensure the production of environmentally friendly products

The paper discusses the study of chemical and microbiological contamination of artificial reservoirs located on the saline soils of the Alazani Valley; The impact of saline soils and groundwater on artificial reservoirs is discussed, which has a significant impact on their chemical composition, in particular, its mineralization. The high content of some ingredients at the appropriate maximum allowable concentrations has been identified. Concentrations of heavy metals (Cu, Pb, Ag) were within the normal range

The paper discusses mitigation measures required for the regeneration of saline and bituminous soils in the Kakheti region, in particular in the context of global climate change in the Kakheti region. A list of some adaptation measures is also given

The paper discusses the study of chemical and microbiological contamination of old Anaga artificial reservoirs; High content of some ingredients at the maximum allowable concentration of fishery water has been revealed

The paper studies the processes of soil degradation in Georgia as a result of natural and anthropogenic influences. Studies have shown that soil degradation in Georgia is mainly caused by: soil salinization, erosion processes and natural disasters. The paper presents effective methodologies for preventing and / or mitigating soil degradation and appropriate actions

The paper presents the impact of climate change on land degradation on the example of saline soils in Sighnaghi district; Determination of fall wheat yield on Tsnori drainage and non-drainage plots by the quadratic method; Adaptation measures to reduce the degradation of saline soils in the study area

The paper discusses the impact of saline and bituminous soils and groundwater on the old Anaga artificial reservoir, which has had a profound effect on its chemical composition. High content of some ingredients at the maximum permissible concentration of fishery water supply revealed

The paper discusses the impact of saline and bituminous soils and groundwater on the old Anaga artificial reservoir, which has had a profound effect on its chemical composition. High content of some ingredients at the maximum permissible concentration of fishery water supply revealed

Microbiological and hydrochemical assessments of the Mtkvari, Iori, Alazani and Khrami rivers have been studied. Analyzes for the ingredients were performed in soluble form as well as in bottom sediments and in tivtiva sediment. The dynamics of increasing the content of some pollutant components in the direction of river flow is established. An appropriate classification for each river using the hydrochemical index is assigned.

The paper presents the state of agriculture in relation to modern climate change in Georgia. Issues of natural ecosystems, soil erosion and desertification of areas are discussed

Dynamics of oil pollution of Batumi and Poti coastal waters of the Black Sea cities of Georgia has been studied. Methods for identification and distribution of degradation of petroleum products in water by microorganisms are given, as well as correlation of solubility of petroleum products with natural radiation. Dynamics of degradation of petroleum products in model experiment by infrared spectrophotometric method

Six observation points were selected for the study. Physico-chemical parameters were measured in the ground samples. Major hydrochemical contaminants were identified in the laboratory. Studies have shown that high levels of pollution are recorded in the Liakhvi River canal, which flows into the village of Nikozi.

The paper discusses the increase of salinization-landslides as a result of global climate change (Sighnaghi region), soil water erosion (Lentekhi region) and desertification caused by wind erosion (Dedoplistskaro region). Adaptation measures to support the sustainable management and development of Georgia's land resources have been introduced to reduce land degradation, improve the socio-economic situation of the population and alleviate poverty.

On the example of the Mtkvari River Basin, using the method we have chosen, the possibility of assigning a surface water quality classification was considered. The priority indicators that are most characteristic and acceptable for the water quality of the given river basin and accordingly the classification have been identified. It was found that the waters of some tributaries of the Mtkvari River correspond to the class of "polluted" or "slightly polluted", which in itself is worrying. It was also found that the degree of their pollution depends to some extent on the seasonality of the year.

Numerical modeling studies the distribution of radioactive cloud in the atmosphere of Poti atmosphere and its surroundings in different meteorological conditions.

Within the borders of Georgia, from Khertvisi to the Red Bridge, the content of the main cations and anions determining the water quality in the waters of the Mtkvari River has been studied. Their maximum and minimum concentrations are recorded, the nature of their change according to the seasons.

Doctoral Thesis Referee

Master Theses Supervisor

Doctoral Thesis Supervisor/Co-supervisor

Scientific editor of monographs in foreign languages

Scientific editor of a monograph in Georgian

Editor-in-Chief of a peer-reviewed or professional journal / proceedings

Review of a scientific professional journal / proceedings

Member of the editorial board of a peer-reviewed scientific or professional journal / proceedings

Participation in a project / grant funded by an international organization

Participation in a project / grant funded from the state budget

Patent authorship

Membership of the Georgian National Academy of Science or Georgian Academy of Agricultural Sciences

Membership of an international professional organization

Membership of the Conference Organizing / Program Committee

National Award / Sectoral Award, Order, Medal, etc.

Honorary title

Monograph

Handbook

Research articles in high impact factor and local Scientific Journals

Publication in Scientific Conference Proceedings Indexed in Web of Science and Scopus