Inga Samkharadze

in this study, numerical simulations, together with remote sensing products, are used for the first time to study the transport of Aeolian dust from deserts to Georgia. The results of calculations performed by the Weather Research and Forecasting Chemistry model (WRF-Chem) from December 2017 to November 2018 showed that nine cases of dust transfer to the territory of Georgia were recorded. Two of them, which took place on March 22–24 and July 25–26, 2018, are modeled and discussed in this article. Comparison of the calculation results with the data of observations of PM10 particulate matter and satellite products of the Cloud Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observation (CALIPSO) and the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) showed that the chosen WRF-Chem model satisfactorily simulates the transport of desert dust to the territory of Georgia in the complex orography of the Caucasus. In addition, Aeolian dust aerosol transported from deserts turned out to be a significant pollutant and influenced the climate in Georgia. Indeed, the calculations of the WRF-Chem model showed that during the period under study, dust was transferred to the territory of Georgia equally from the deserts of Africa, the Middle East, and Central (West) Asia. It should be noted that among them, the transfer of dust from the Karakum and Kyzylkum deserts was recorded twice, the traces of which have not yet been recorded on the glaciers of the Caucasus (Elbrus and Kazbeg).

Abstract. Over the past two decades, Georgia has faced increasingly heavy rainfall, hail and flooding, which especially devastated Kakheti wine region in Southern Georgia, causing severe damage to hundreds of vineyards. Since 2015, 85 anti-hail missile systems have been installed to protect entire Kakheti region, however, for the effective use of a modern anti-hail system, it became necessary to timely forecast extreme weather events of a regional and local scale. Thus, this article aims to develop timely forecasting of strong convection, dangerous precipitation and hail using modern weather forecasting models and radar technologies in Georgia. For this reasons various combinations of the physics parameterization schemes of the WRF-ARW model, the ARL READY system and the data of the modern meteorological radar Meteor 735CDP10 are used to predict the thermodynamic state of the atmosphere and assess the possible level of development of convective processes. The analysis of the calculated results showed that the variants of the microphysics parametrization schemes of the WRF model lead to significant variability in precipitation forecasts on complex terrain. Meanwhile, the upper-air diagrams of the READY system clearly showed the instability of the atmosphere for the cases discussed. Some results of these calculations are presented and analysed in this paper.